Migration of Albanians in the last ten years the evolution and changes of immigration path

Abstract

Emigration is a term known in Albania for centuries. However, the emigration of Albanians, since the '90s, when a significant part of Albanian citizens emigrated, despite education, is experiencing a large increase in recent years. Migration is a phenomenon that has affected almost all Albanians. Statistics show that most Albanians want to leave Albania in order to create a better life abroad. In the last 5 years we have seen a large increase in the departure of academics, for example mainly doctors and nurses. Lack of job satisfaction, opportunities for further professional education, career development, poor working conditions, political pressure, exposure to verbal and physical violence, are factors that have simulated the departure of people from Albania. This paper uses a scientific approach to understand the challenges and unresolved issues of migration in Albania, presenting a vivid picture of the situation in the past and present. In the first part of this paper, we will explain the phenomenon of migration of Albanians from 2010 until today. In the second part, we will explain the phenomenon of the departure of the elite of society or as it has been defined differently by many researchers, the “brain of society”. In the synthesis of this analysis, we will reach the conclusions on what are the factors that push Albanians to leave their country and migrate to the most developed countries in the world. The methodology used gives us the opportunity to have a deeper understanding of the current situation, in terms of reasoning, perceptions, attitudes and behaviours of people, as key actors. This paper aims to provide an analysis of the reasons that lead Albanian citizens to leave their country and migrate to others.